What is Emergency Contraception (EC)?
Emergency contraception (EC) can prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex. It is also known as emergency birth control, backup birth control or the morning-after pill. EC should be used as soon as possible, up to 5 days after unprotected sex.
There are two types of EC:
- Copper Intrauterine Contraception (Copper IUC) – a small, T-shaped piece of plastic containing copper that is put into the uterus. The Copper IUC can also be used for continued birth control.
- EC pills – one type of EC pill is made of ulipristal acetate (UPA). Another type of EC pill is made of the female hormone progestin (Progestin EC).
How well does EC work?
The Copper IUC is the most effective method – it reduces the risk of pregnancy by more than 99% if it’s put in within 5 days of unprotected sex.
UPA reduces the risk of pregnancy up to 85 percent and works just as well on any day you take it up to 5 days after unprotected sex. However, if you have a high body mass index (BMI), it may not work as well.
Progestin EC reduces the risk of pregnancy by 72-89% if you take it within the first 3 days after sex. It is less effective the more time that passes and may work 4-5 days after sex. If you have a high BMI, it may not work.
How does EC work?
The Copper IUC works mainly by affecting the way sperm move so they can’t join with an egg.
Both types of EC pills work by keeping the ovaries from releasing eggs (ovulation).
Pregnancy cannot happen if egg and sperm don’t meet.
When should I use EC?
Take it as soon as possible. Use EC every time you have unprotected sex if you are not on birth control and do not desire pregnancy.
How do I decide which type of EC is best for me?
- The most effective EC – the Copper IUC is best if you want a highly effective method of EC. The Copper IUC may be left in place to use for birth control for up to 10 years.
- When you had unprotected sex – The Copper IUC is best and can work for up to 5 days after unprotected sex. UPA is the next best and can work for up to 5 days. Progestin EC will work best in the first 3 days.
- Your Weight – The Copper IUC is the best choice no matter your BMI. UPA is the next best option if you have a high BMI. Progestin EC may not work as well if you have a high BMI.
- If you are Breastfeeding – The Copper IUC and Progestin EC are safe. Use UPA only if you are willing to pump and throw away your milk for 36 hours.
What are my other choices?
You can choose to wait and see if you become pregnant. We are happy to discuss all your options with you.
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